IT IS A NEW TEChnique of propulsion used in 0 gravity
(may be broke/outdated!)
IT IS A NEW TEChnique of propulsion used in 0 gravity
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2 Responses
You take a substance, ionize it, accelerate it in an electric field and shoot it out as a jet. Many of them use xenon, presumably because its a noble gas and will vaporise easily and ionize cleanly (mainly Xe+) and more mass per atom so the momentum for a given velocity is greater.
The main idea is that you have a higher exhaust speed than for a conventional chemical rocket. The thrust is puny however because you simply can’t ionize and accelerate large volumes of gas. The spacecraft that have used it so far (Deep Space 1, Hayabusa, SMART-1, maybe a few others) have of course had to be blasted into Earth orbit and injected into interplanetary space by chemical rockets and they then have altered their trajectory by long continuous burns of their ion engines (hundreds to thousands of hours of operation.)
there are various kinds of ion propulsion, most of them works with a noble gas, like argon (the less expensive), that is ionized using an electromagnetic field oscillating at radio frequencies (MHz normally)
the field will shape also the ion plasma and then it will be directed throught a nozzle for propulsion.
Different kinds of ion propulsiona have the nozzle shaped to power propulsion or speed, can be pulsated release of plasma or continuous.
search in wikipedia also there are a lot of infos:
The term ion thruster usually refers to Electrostatic ion thrusters, the earliest form of spacecraft electric propulsion. It can though be used to describe other types of spacecraft electric propulsion, that also use ions to accelerated by a high voltage grid to provide the change in momentum. Some of the types of ion thruster are:
Electrostatic ion thrusters
Hall effect thrusters
Colloid thrusters. Generally though colloid thrusters use large charged droplets, rather than ions. They can produce ions though under certain conditions.
Field Emission Electric Propulsion (FEEP)
DS4G also known as the Dual-Stage 4-Grid[1] [2]
Other forms of high-efficiency electric thruster have also been proposed; see spacecraft propulsion.