5 Responses

1. Its hybrid because it runs on both electricity and petrol –

2. A hybrid vehicle has two sources of propulsion: Gasoline and electricity. A gasoline engine is mated with an electric motor, and the two acting in concert provide fuel efficient propulsion. The power for the electric engine comes from a battery pack.

3. Gas engine , electric generator,batteries And an electric motor.
   Train engines have used this Technology for years except no batteries.

4. A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that uses two or more distinct power sources to move the vehicle.[1] The term most commonly refers to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), which combine an internal combustion engine and one or more electric motors.

   Power sources
   Power sources include:

   On-board or out-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS)
   Gasoline or Diesel fuel
   Hydrogen
   Compressed air
   Liquid nitrogen
   Human powered e.g. pedaling or rowing
   Wind
   Compressed or liquefied natural gas
   Solar
   Waste heat from internal combustion engine. This can be converted to steam or electricity (eg via Stirling engine or Thermogenerator) to increase vehicle propulsion. The extra power may also be used for supplemental systems (eg cooling for cool-trucks, …)[2]
   Coal, wood, Biochar[3] or other solid combustibles
   Electromagnetic fields, Radio waves

   Vehicle type

   Two-wheeled and cycle-type vehicles
   Mopeds and electric bicycles are a simple form of a hybrid, as power is delivered both via an internal combustion engine or electric motor and the rider’s muscles. Early prototypes of motorcycles in the late 1800s used the same principles.

   In a parallel hybrid bicycle human and motor power are mechanically coupled at the pedal drive train or at the rear or the front wheel, e.g. using a hub motor, a roller pressing onto a tire, or a connection to a wheel using a transmission element. Human and motor torques are added together. Almost all manufactured models are of this type. See Motorized bicycles, Mopeds and[4] for more information.
   In a series hybrid bicycle (SH) the user powers a generator using the pedals. This is converted into electricity and can be fed directly to the motor giving a chainless bicycle but also to charge a battery. The motor draws power from the battery and must be able to deliver the full mechanical torque required because none is available from the pedals. SH bicycles are commercially available, because they are very simple in theory and manufacturing.[5]
   The first known prototype and publication of an SH bicycle is by Augustus Kinzel (US Patent 3’884’317) in 1975. In 1994 Bernie Macdonalds conceived the Electrilite SH lightweight vehicle which used power electronics allowing regenerative braking and pedaling while stationary. In 1995 Thomas Müller designed a “Fahrrad mit elektromagnetischem Antrieb” in his 1995 diploma thesis and built a functional vehicle. In 1996 Jürg Blatter and Andreas Fuchs of Berne University of Applied Sciences built an SH bicycle and in 1998 mounted the system onto a Leitra tricycle (European patent EP 1165188). In 1999 Harald Kutzke described his concept of the “active bicycle”: the aim is to approach the ideal bicycle weighing nothing and having no drag by electronic compensation. Until 2005 Fuchs and colleagues built several prototype SH tricycles and quadricycles. [2]

   Heavy vehicles
   Hybrid power trains are used for diesel-electric or turbo-electric railway locomotives, buses, heavy goods vehicles, mobile hydraulic machinery, and ships. Typically some form of heat engine (usually diesel) drives an electric generator or hydraulic pump which powers one or more electric or hydraulic motors. There are advantages in distributing power through wires or pipes rather than mechanical elements especially when multiple drives — e.g. driven wheels or propellers — are required. There is power lost in the double conversion from typically diesel fuel to electricity to power an electric or hydraulic motor. With large vehicles the advantages often outweigh the disadvantages especially as the conversion losses typically decrease with size. With the exception of non nuclear submarines, presently there is no or relatively little energy storage capacity on most heavy vehicles, e.g. auxiliary batteries and hydraulic accumulators—this is changing.

   Rail transport
   Main article: Hybrid locomotive
   Europe
   An example of a typical “hybrid” is the new Autorail à grande capacité (AGC or high-capacity railcar) built by the Canadian company Bombardier for service in France. This has dual mode (diesel and electric motors) and dual voltage capabilities (1500 and 25000 V) allowing it to be used on many different rail systems. [6]

   Iran
   The First Hybrid Evaluating prototype locomotive was designed and contracted by railway research center MATRAI in 1999 and the sample was ready in 2000. it was a G12 locomotive that was converted to hybrid by using a 200KW diesel generator and batteries and also was equipped with 2 AC traction motors (out of 4) retrofited in the cover of the DC traction motors.it was inaugurated by missed Dr, Dadman the minister of road and transportation in 2001.

   Japan
   The first operational prototype of a hybrid train engine with significant energy storage and energy regeneration capability was introduced in Japan as the KiHa E200. It utilizes battery packs of lithium ion batteries mounted on the roof to store recovered energy.[7]

   North Am

5. Electric Motor moves the car when trevling slowly.
   Around 20mph, the gas engine turns on so the car can go faster.

   Cars use the most gas in the first 20mph. So Hybrids do not use any gas in the first 20mph. While the gas engine is on, the battery rechargers.

   These batteries last about 100,000 miles.